\u00faltimo post en el blog<\/a>\u00a0Destac\u00f3 una decisi\u00f3n de la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos que permite la arbitraje en disputas laborales relacionadas con la jornada laboral en el transporte. En lo que parece ser otra victoria para los camioneros, un reciente caso de apelaci\u00f3n en Nueva Jersey ha facilitado la definici\u00f3n de sus derechos laborales.<\/p>\nEmpleado vs. contratista independiente<\/h2>\n
El litigio comenz\u00f3 cuando tres camioneros presentaron una demanda colectiva contra American Eagle Express (AEX), una empresa de transporte de carga con sede en Illinois. AEX clasific\u00f3 a los demandantes como contratistas independientes. Sin embargo, seg\u00fan los criterios establecidos en las leyes laborales de Nueva Jersey, los camioneros deber\u00edan haber sido considerados empleados.<\/p>\n
B\u00e1sicamente, la ley \u201cABC\u201d de Nueva Jersey establece que si los conductores:<\/p>\n
A. No se encuentran constantemente bajo la direcci\u00f3n de la empresa (es decir, la empresa no les dice a los conductores qu\u00e9 ponerse, qu\u00e9 ruta tomar o, de otro modo, c\u00f3mo realizar su trabajo)<\/p>\n
B. Tener funciones que est\u00e1n fuera del curso habitual de la actividad empresarial<\/p>\n
C. Est\u00e1 involucrado en un negocio establecido de forma independiente<\/p>\n
No se consideran empleados.<\/p>\n
\u00bfLey estatal o federal?<\/h2>\n
Sin embargo, el caso no se basaba en las funciones laborales que desempe\u00f1aban los camioneros ni en su falta de ellas. En cambio, AEX sostuvo que la Ley de Autorizaci\u00f3n de Aviaci\u00f3n de 1994 anulaba la legislaci\u00f3n de Nueva Jersey. La FAAAA proh\u00edbe a los estados promulgar leyes relacionadas con los precios y las rutas fijas para los servicios de transporte por carretera. Seg\u00fan AEX, el estatuto de Nueva Jersey podr\u00eda impedir que la empresa contratara a contratistas independientes. Clasificar a los contratistas como empleados probablemente supondr\u00eda una considerable dificultad, obligando a la empresa a contratar personal adicional y ofrecer beneficios a los empleados que no son necesarios para los contratistas independientes.<\/p>\n
La sentencia<\/h2>\n
Al dictar su fallo, el Tribunal de Apelaciones del Circuito de los Estados Unidos para el Tercer Circuito concluy\u00f3 que Nueva Jersey puede seguir su propio derecho. El Tribunal se\u00f1al\u00f3 que Nueva Jersey no impide que las empresas contraten a contratistas independientes. Solo distingue entre los contratistas y los empleados. Adem\u00e1s, el Tribunal observ\u00f3 que cuando el Congreso promulg\u00f3 la FAAAA, el estatuto federal no deb\u00eda aplicarse a las leyes laborales y salariales. La decisi\u00f3n del tribunal de apelaci\u00f3n confirm\u00f3 una decisi\u00f3n anterior del Tribunal de Distrito de los Estados Unidos en Nueva Jersey.<\/p>\n
El reciente fallo judicial es una victoria para los trabajadores del sector del transporte, ya que garantiza que puedan exigir responsabilidades a las empresas si reciben un salario como aut\u00f3nomos cuando deber\u00edan tener derecho a todos los beneficios que les corresponden como empleados.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Your rights as an independent contractor can seem a bit murky. You may be entitled to some employment protections, but not others. This is particularly true if you drive a truck as an independent contractor. Employment protections have been at times hard to come by for drivers. But drivers do have legal protection. A\u00a0recent post […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2521,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"page_builder":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-employment-law-for-employees"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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